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Course Name:  Information and Communication Technology
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Course Level:  Diploma
Sub Level:       Module I
Course Unit:   Structured Programming
Exam body:    KNEC
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1. Outline two advantages of using assembly language to create a program ()
2. Distinguish between procedural and non-procedural programming languages ()
3. Explain two reasons that would make a programmer to opt for top-down design when developing a program ()
4. Assuming pascal programming language, evaluate the following expression; Y = sqr(a) + b * c mod 4 / d Given that a = 4; b = 6 , c = 10, and d= 3. ()
5. A technical institute allocates hostels to students on first come first served basis. A student first registers for term, pays fees and then applies for a hostel room. A room is allowed to students who meet this criteria. Draw a flowchart to represent the logic in the narrative ()
6. Explain the term user-defined data type as used in programming ()
7. A programmer created a program for a hospital to store patient details as a single entity consisting of : PatientNo, Patient_Name, Gender and Age. I)Identify the most appropriate data structure the programmer could have used II)Using pascal language declare a data structure that could be used to store this data ()
8. Outline three operations that may be carried out on a stack data structure ()
9. Distinguish between queue and linked list data structure ()
10. Table 1 shows the criteria used by Tusome Technical Institute to award grades to students. Use it to answer the question that follows Write a program in C language that would prompt a user to enter the points obtained by a student. The program then displays the corresponding grade. Use switch statement ()
11. Explain two characteristics of an algorithm ()
12. Write an algorithm that could be used to implement a quick sort ()
13. Write a program in C language that would prompt a user to enter an integer. The program then checks whether the integer entered is a prime number or not and displays an appropriate message ()
14. Write a program in Pascal language that prompts a user to enter a positive integer. The program then computes the sum of all integers from zero to the integer ()
15. Outline two types of utility programs used in program translation ()
16. A student created a program that could write data into a file. Describe three file organization techniques he could have used ()
17. The following is a C language program. Study and use it to answer the question that follows: ()
18. describe the term comment as used in Pascal programming language ()
19. Figure 1 shows the floor area of a rectangular room that has been fitted with a circular carpet. Use it to answer the question that follows: Write a program in pascal language to compute the area not covered by the carpet ()
20. Explain the term module as used in programming ()
21. State two differences between a function and a procedure as used in pascal programming language ()
22. Write a pseudocode that could be used to sort items in a list using bubble sort technique ()
23. Outline the use of each of the following C language file functions (4 mks) i) putc() ii)fprintf() ()
24. Write a program in C language that could be used to generate the following output 4 4 5 4 5 6 ()
25. Outline two reasons for using data structures in a program ()
26. Describe two types of documents that could be included in a new program ()
27. Distinguish between writeln() and write() functions as used in pascal ()
28. A program prompts a user to enter the code “1234” in order to log in to a system. If the entered code is correct a message “Welcome” is displayed otherwise a message “The code is incorrect” is displayed. The program allows upto a maximum of three entries. Write a program in Pascal language that could be used to implement this logic ()
29. Explain the use of each of the following reserved words in structured programming i) break ii) Continue; ()
30. Distinguish between realloc and free functions as used in C programming language ()
31. Outline two advantages of merge sort algorithm ()
32. Figure 2 shows a list of data items in a data structure. Use it to answer the question that follows. Describe the data structure depicted in the figure. ()
33. Write a program in Pascal language that could be used to create a two by two and enter values into the array ()
34. State two ways other than comments through which a programmer could make a program more understandable ()
35. A student created a program using C language, identify an escape sequence he could use to format the output as a table ()
36. Outline the meaning of each of the following escape sequences as used in C programming language ()
37. Outline two types of errors that one could encounter when working with a stack ()
38. . Table 2 shows the criteria used by a county government to allocate bursaries to students . Use it to answer the question that follows. Write a program in Pascal language that would prompt a user to enter the status of a student. The program then outputs the amount allocated to the student. Use nested if statement ()
39. . Table 2 shows the criteria used by a county government to allocate bursaries to students . Use it to answer the question that follows. Write a program in Pascal language that would prompt a user to enter the status of a student. The program then outputs the amount allocated to the student. Use nested if statement ()

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