Explain the application of anaerobic fermentation/ respiration in the industry and at home.

-Baking; in baking industry yeast breaks down starch in wheat flour anaerobically to produce carbon (IV) oxide causing the dough to rise giving bread spongy structure and softness and lactic acid which gives it flavor;
-Brewing; in brewing industry yeast is used to break down sugar in barley, grapes, sorghum to produce beer and wines;
-Production of organic acids; bacteria break down ethanol anerobically to produce organic acids e.g. ethanoic acid/ vinegar, citric acid, oxalic acid, butanoic acid;
-Dairy industry; bacteria breaks down sugars in milk to release lactic acid which gives flavour to dairy products e.g. yoghurt, cheese, cream, butter, ghee;
-In pharmaceutical industry; it utilizes anaerobic respiration to produce drugs e.g. penicillin;
-Sewage treatment; Bacteria are added into raw sewage and they help to break organic wastes anaerobically into simpler substances;
-Biogas production; Animal solid waste is fermented to produce methane gas (biogas);
-Production of compost manure; bacteria is used to break down organic materials anaerobically to form compost manure;
-Silage formation; bacteria break down organic materials in animal feed to produce lactic acid which preserves the silage;