Explain the economic importance of organisms in each of the following kingdoms.

a)Monera
-Used to manufacture of antibiotics;
-Production of vitamins B12 and K;
-Used in silage formation;
-Manufacture of butter and cheese;
-Fermentation of milk to make yoghurt;
-Curing of tea and tobacco;
-Retting flax;
-Manufacture of enzymes e.g. amylase and invertase and hormones e.g. insulin;
-Formation of vinegar, acetic acid and lactic acid;
-Septic tanks/ modern sewage works make use of bacteria in treatment of sewage;
-Some are parasites that cause diseases e.g. Salmonella typhi causes typhoid and Vibrio cholera causes cholera;
-Production of biogas;
-Nitrogen fixing and nitrifying bacteria increase soil fertility by making nitrates available to plants;
-Symbiotic bacteria in herbivores help the digestion process by producing the cellulose enzyme;
-Some cause decay/ spoilage of food;
-Denitrifying bacteria reduce soil fertility by converting nitrates to free nitrogen;
b)Fungi
-Saprophytes decompose dead matter increasing soil fertility and contributes to recycling of nutrients;
-Cause decay or spoilage of food;
-Some cause diseases e.g. ring worm in human beings cause athlete’s foot disease;
-Some cause plant diseases e.g. wheat rust, soft rot and potato blight thus reducing the productivity of plants;
-Yeast is a source of vitamin B;
-Yeast is used in brewing and baking industries;
-Some are used in the production of antibiotics e.g. chloromycin and streptomycin, penicillin from penicillium fungus;
-Some are used as food for humans e.g. mushrooms;
-Mycorrhizal associations help plants in the intake/ absorption minerals from the soil;
-Some are used in the production of organic acids;
-Some e.g. mildew can ruin clothing, books and other materials;