The figure below is a fine structure of a generalized animal cell as seen under an electron microscope.
(a) Name the parts labeled A and B.
(b) How is the structure labeled B adapted to its function?
(Answered) Give reasons for carrying out the following procedures when preparing temporary wet mounts of plant tissues.
(a) Making thin plant sections.
(b) Adding water on the plant section.
(c) Placing a cover slip over the plant section.(Answered) State the functions of the following parts of a light microscope.
Fine adjustment knob
Stage(Answered) The diagram below shows a specified plant cell.
(a) (i) Name the cell.
(ii) Name the parts labeled D and E.
b) State the function of the part labeled C.(Answered) State the function of the following cell organelles.
(a) Ribosome.
(b) Lysosomes.(Answered) State the functions of the following parts of a light microscope.
(a) Objective lens
(b) Diaphragm.(Answered) State two functions of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum(Answered) State three functions of Golgi apparatus.(Answered) Plant cells do not burst when immersed in distilled water. Explain.(Answered) What is the formula for calculating linear magnification of a specimen when using a hand lens?(Answered) Give a reason why staining is necessary when preparing
specimens for observation under the microscope.(Answered) State the function of the organelles:
(a) Lysosomes
(b) Golgi apparatus(Answered) Name the organelle in which protein synthesis takes place.(Answered) Which organelle would be abundant in:
(a) Skeletal muscle cell
(b) Palisade cell(Answered) State the functions of the following cell organelles
(a) Golgi apparatus
(b) Ribosomes(Answered) State two functions of cell sap.(Answered) Name the organelle that performs each of the following functions in a cell.
i)Protein Synthesis
ii)Transport of cell secretions(Answered) The photograph below represents a leaf obtained from a certain plant.
Account for the observation made if the leaf was tested for starch.(Answered) Name the part of the chloroplast where the following reactions occur:
(i) Carbon (IV) oxide fixation.
(ii) Photolysis.(Answered) State two factors that affect enzymatic activities(Answered) In an experiment to investigate a factor affecting photosynthesis, a potted plant which had been kept in the dark overnight was treated as shown in the diagram below and exposed to light.
(a) Why was the potted plant kept in the dark overnight?
(b) Which factor was being investigated in the experiment?(Answered) Explain how each of the following factors affects the rates of photosynthesis.
(i) Temperature.
(ii) Chlorophyll concentration.(Answered) Explain the importance of the following in photosynthesis:
(i) Light
(ii) Carbon (IV) oxide
(iii) Chlorophyll.(Answered) In an investigation, equal amounts of water was placed in three test tubes labeled G, H and J. pondweeds of equal length were dropped in each test tube. The test tubes were then placed in identical conditions of light and carbon (IV) oxide at different temperatures for five minutes.
After five minutes, the bubbles produced in each were counted for one minute. The results were as shown in the table(Answered) The set-up below illustrates a procedure that was carried out in the laboratory with a leaf plucked from a green plant that had been growing in sunlight.
(i) What was the purpose of the above procedure?
(ii) Give reasons for carrying out steps A, B and C in this procedure.
(iii) Name the reagent that was used at the step labeled D.
(iv) State the expected result on the leaf after adding the (Answered) A potted plant was kept in the dark for 48 hours. Two leaves X and Y were treated as shown in the diagram below.
The experimental set-up was kept in sun light for six
hours after which a starch test was carried out on the two leaves.
(a) What were the results of the starch test on leaves X and Y?
(b) Give reasons for your answers in (a) above.(Answered) State two ways in which chloroplasts are adapted to their function.(Answered) Explain how the following factors affect the rate of photosynthesis:
(a) Concentration of carbon (IV) oxide.
(b) Light intensity.
(Answered) The equation below represents a process that takes place in plants.
#6CO_2+6H_2O rightarrow C_6H_12O_6+6O_2#
(a) Name the process.
(b) State two conditions necessary for the process to take place.
(c) State what happens to the end-products of the process.
(Answered) Name the sites where light and dark reactions of photosynthesis take place.(Answered) How is the epidermis of a leaf of a green plant adapted to its function?(Answered) The diagram below represents a set up that was used to investigate certain process in a plant.
(a) State the process that was being investigated.
(b) State a factor that would affect the process.(Answered) (a) State two factors that affect enzymatic activities
(b) Explain how one of the factors stated in (a) above affects enzymatic activities.(Answered) State two factors that affect enzymatic activities(Answered) Describe what happens during the light stage of photosynthesis.(Answered) Name the end products of the light stage in photosynthesis.(Answered) The diagram below represents a cell organelle.
(i) Name the part labeled Y.
(ii) State the functions of the part labeled X.
(Answered) State the functions of cristae in mitochondria(Answered) What is the role of the vascular bundles in plant nutrition?(Answered) The diagram below represents a cell.
(a) Name the parts labeled X and Y.
(b) Suggest why the structures labeled X would be more on one side than the other.(Answered) Name two mineral elements that are necessary in the synthesis of chlorophyll.(Answered) Name the:
(a) Material that strengthens xylem tissue.
(b) Tissue that is removed when the bark of a dicotyledonous plant is ringed.(Answered) The graph below shows the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of enzyme reaction.
(a) (i) account for the shape of the graph between A and B.
(ii) B and C.
(b) How can the rate of reaction be increased after point B?
c) State two other factors that affect the rate of enzyme reaction.
(Answered) In an experiment to investigate a factor affecting photosynthesis, a leaf of a potted plant which had been kept in the dark overnight was covered with aluminum foil as shown in the diagram below.
The set up was kept in sunlight for three hours after which a food test was carried out on the leaf.
(a) Which factor was being investigated in the experiment?
(b) What food test was carried out?
(Answered) State one effect of magnesium deficiency in green plants.(Answered) Name one end product of dark reaction in photosynthesis(Answered) Complete the table below on mineral nutrition in plants.(Answered) State the role of light in photosynthesis.(Answered) Which sets of teeth would be used in chewing sugarcane for maximum extraction of sap?(Answered) How is the surface area increased in the mammalian small intestines?(Answered) Name two enzymes in the human digestive system which are secreted in an inactive form.(Answered) During a practical investigation on food tests, students were provided with
the following reagents. Benedict’s solution, Sodium hydrogen carbonate, Dilute hydrochloric acid.
(a) Identify the food substance the students were to test.
(b) State the role of dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate during the
experiment.
(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid.
ii) Sodium hydrogen carbonate
(Answered) Give three factors that determine the amount of energy a human being requires in a day.(Answered) How is a human stomach adapted to:
(i) Protein digestion?
(ii) Churning?(Answered) What happens to the glucose synthesized during photosynthesis(Answered) Describe the process of carbohydrate digestion in human beings.(Answered) State the cause and two symptoms of Beri-beri.(Answered) Name one appropriate food substance for each of the following enzymes.
(i) Ptyalin
(ii) Pepsin(Answered) Explain how age determines a person’s energy(Answered) State two roles of mucus in the stomach(Answered) State two ways in which the human intestinal villus is adapted to its function.(Answered) Name two nutrients that are absorbed without being digested by enzymes in
humans.(Answered) State functions of saliva(Answered) Name one salivary gland in humans(Answered) State two functions of carbohydrates in the human body.(Answered) Name two dental diseases.(Answered) Write the dental formula of an adult human.(Answered) The following is the dental formula of a certain mammal.
i#0/3#c#0/1#pm#3/3#m#3/3#
(a) State the likely mode of feeding for the mammal.
(b) Give a reason for your answer in (a) above.(Answered) What is the role of bile salts in digestion in humans(Answered) The diagram below represents the lower jaw of a mammal.
(a) Name the mode of nutrition of the mammal whose jaw is shown.
(b) State one structural and one functional difference between the teeth labeled J and L.
(c) (i) Name the toothless gap labeled K.
(ii) State the function of the gap.
d) Name the substance that is responsible for hardening of teeth.(Answered) Explain how the following factors determine the daily energy requirement in human:
(a) Age
(b) Occupation
(c) Sex(Answered) State the function of iron in the human body.(Answered) Explain how the carnassial teeth of a dog are adapted to their function.(Answered) State the role of the following vitamins in the human body.
(i) C
(ii) K(Answered) The diagram below shows a human tooth.
(a) Identify the tooth
b)How is the tooth adapted to its function(Answered) Name the features that increase the surface area of small intestines(Answered) State a factor that denatures enzymes.(Answered) The action of ptyalin stops at the stomach. Explain(Answered) State two functions of potassium ions in the human body.(Answered) Name a fat soluble vitamin manufactured by the human body(Answered) The diagram below represents a section through a human tooth.
(a) (i) Name the type of tooth shown.
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in (a) (i) above
(b) State the functions of the structures found in part labeled J
(Answered) How does substrate concentration affect the rate of enzyme action?(Answered) State two functions of bile juice in the digestion of food.(Answered) A certain animal has no incisors, no canines, 6 premolars and 6 molars
in its upper jaw. In the lower jaw, there are 6 incisors, 2 canines, 6 premolars and 6 molars. Write its dental formula.(Answered) What is the function of carnassial teeth?(Answered) Distinguish between the terms homodont and heterodont(Answered) State the role of vitamin C in humans.(Answered) State a function of the large intestine in humans.(Answered) What happens to excess fatty acids and glycerol in the body?(Answered) Give one example of a metallic co-factor(Answered) State the function for co-factors in cell metabolism.(Answered) State four uses of water in the bodies of animals.(Answered) State four uses of digested food in the bodies of animals(Answered) An experiment was carried out to investigate the nutritional value of two dry powder animal feeds X and Y over a period of six months. Twenty 5 month’s old castrated goats were used. The goats were divided into two equal groups A and B. The animals in group A were fed on feed X throughout the
experiment while those of group B were fed on feed Y. the feeds were supplemented with dry hay and water. (Answered) State two functions of muscles found in the alimentary canal of mammals(Answered) Describe how the mammalian small intestine is adapted to its function.(Answered) What is meant by the term digestion?(Answered) Name a disease caused by lack of each of the following in human diet.
i)Vitamin D
ii)Iodine(Answered) Name the disease in humans that is caused by lack of vitamin C.(Answered) When is glycogen which is stored in the liver converted into glucose and released into the blood?(Answered)
